![]() ![]() Mutual authentication is achieved through a series of encrypted messages and tickets sent amongst the user, service, and KDC. The KDC also has a database, which stores the secret symmetric keys that encrypt messages for both users and services. The KDC contains an authentication server and a ticket granting server (TGS), which create, encrypt/decrypt, and send messages to users and services. Kerberos authentication is facilitated through the key distribution center (KDC), which is hosted by the domain controller and uses shared-key cryptography for authentication. This TGT’s lifespan can be extended to facilitate SSO: the user remains authenticated during an active session, and can reuse that secure authentication to access any resource within the domain. When the user is authenticated, they receive a ticket granting ticket (TGT), which proves their identity for the subsequent steps in the Kerberos authentication process. Once each party is authenticated, they are allowed to communicate directly with one another to initiate a session. Kerberos facilitates mutual authentication: it authenticates both the user and the service before the user can begin a session with the service. The protocol is open source, although Microsoft’s proprietary version of Kerberos is one of its most popular use cases - Microsoft uses Kerberos for many of its major systems and services, including Microsoft Windows and Active Directory. Kerberos is often used for single sign-on (SSO) purposes (though its reach is limited - see Kerberos disadvantages below). Kerberos uses shared key cryptography through a ticket-based authentication system, whereby tickets are issued, encrypted, and decrypted by a key distribution center (KDC). Kerberos is a protocol that facilitates mutual authentication across an untrusted network (like the internet) and authorization of a client (i.e., user) to services (i.e., applications). It’s important to understand the basics of each protocol before diving into how they differ. LDAP comparison, including their differences, the pros and cons of each, and how they can work together in a modern multi-protocol environment. However, they function very differently from one another, and Kerberos and LDAP tend to work best in different use cases and with different types of resources. Kerberos and LDAP are both authentication and authorization protocols, and both often work with on-premises resources. ![]()
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